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Geography
| The Department of Geography cannot offer each year every course described in this Calendar. Please consult the Department for a list of current course offerings. |
| Geography 020E, Geography: A Systems Introduction | |
| | Description: Geography presented as the study of spatial relationships, with humans and their natural environment examined as separate and interacting systems. Concepts and materials exemplify geography as a spatial and social science leading to a greater understanding of the earth as human habitat. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours, 1.0 course. | | This course is mandatory for admission to honors programs in Geography and for admission to Geography courses at the 200-level. | | back to top |
| Geography 021, Fundamentals of Geography | |
| | Description: A systematic descriptive introduction to the diverse elements of landscape including geomorphic, climatic, and biotic elements, human settlement and land-use patterns; cartographic approaches to the analysis of selected processes of landscape change; an introduction to the synthesis of elements and processes in spatial systems models. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 020E | | 3 lecture hours, 1.0 course. | | This course may not be used for admission to honors programs in Geography. | | back to top |
| Geography 105a/b, Selected Topics in Geography | |
| | Description: Consult the Department of Geography for details of course offering. | | 2 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 106a/b, Selected Topics in Geography | |
| | Description: Consult the Department of Geography for details of course offering. | | 3 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 115a/b, Spatial Techniques | |
| | Description: An introduction to geographic information science with a focus on remote sensing, GIS, and cartography. Principles of navigation, map reading, image interpretation and route planning. Aspects of information representation, organization and visualization will also be reviewed. Practical work on the above topics. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | Limited enrolment | | back to top |
| Geography 116a/b, Global Change: Issues and Impacts | |
| | Description: Overview and implications of aspects of global change such as the global economy, the environment and demographics. : | | Antirequisite(s): The former Geography 399E | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | Limited enrolment | | back to top |
| Geography 123a/b, The Natural Environment | |
| | Description: An examination of the characteristics, origins and history of selected natural environments with particular reference to North America. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 124a/b, Geography of Arctic Canada | |
| | Description: An introduction to the landscapes of the Canadian Arctic: interrelationships amongst climate, vegetation, landforms, soils and resources; human responses over time. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 352a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 128a/b, Geography of East and Southeast Asia. | |
| | Description: An introduction to the region. Issues examined include ethnic relationships, social structure, population distribution, environmental awareness and resource utilization. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 134F/G, Geography of Food | |
| | Description: A geographic perspective on factors contributing to the world food problem and relating to its possible solution. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 Practical Work/tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 136a/b, Space Exploration | |
| | Description: Survey of human activity in outer space, including history of spaceflight, scientific exploration, economic and military uses of space, natural resources and hazards, legal and ethical implications, and plausible future developments. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 146E, World Regional Geography | |
| | Description: A systematic analysis of the major environments with emphasis on problems of resource use. Regional samples are analyzed in detail emphasizing culture and cultural progression. Practical work includes map analysis and seminars on selected problems. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 1.0 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 148a/b, Geopolitics | |
| | Description: An exploration of the geographical setting in which political decisions are taken. The history of the rise and fall of centres of power, the rise of supranational entities, ethnic wars, and the impermanence of international boundaries will be discussed. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 341a/b | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 151a/b, Social Geography of Canada | |
| | Description: A spatial analysis of selected social issues in Canada including regional disparity, biculturalism and multiculturalism, and concepts of isolation in Arctic and sub-Arctic communities. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 329a/b | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 152a/b, Geography of Hazards | |
| | Description: A survey of the methods and models used to understand human responses to hazards. The course reviews the rich tradition of hazards research in geography, particularly through the lens of social science. The course will include discussions of both so-called "natural hazards" (e.g., floods, fires, earthquakes) and "technological hazards" (e.g., nuclear technology, genetically modified organisms, terrorism, war) as examples. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 153a/b, Environment, Economy, and Society | |
| | Description: The human uses of and impacts on environment and resources; the concept of sustainability; current resource issues. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 235F/G | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 154F/G, Resource Planning and Management | |
| | Description: Methods of resource analysis, planning, and management, including landscape evaluation, cost-benefit analysis, and impact assessment. | | Antirequisite(s): The former Geography 154a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 155a/b, World Cities | |
| | Description: A global perspective on urbanism. In each session a selected city is used to emphasize a particular urban problem, urban spatial structure or world region. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 157a/b, Geography of Canada | |
| | Description: An overview of the regional geography of Canada. Topics considered may include demographics, culture, the economy, resources and environmental issues. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 166a/b, Ontario and the Great Lakes | |
| | Description: A detailed examination of the province as part of the Great Lakes region, with special reference to its historical development, natural resources and patterns of human and economic activity. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 171a/b, Foundations of the Geography of World Business | |
| | Description: Geographical theories of local and international trade; relationships between the location of production and flows of goods, services and factors of production among countries and regions; the geographical patterns of world commerce. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 177a/b, Introduction to Urban Spatial Organization | |
| | Description: Selected aspects of structure and growth in urban systems; basic theories and empirical research respecting the organization of systems of cities and their internal arrangement of land uses. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 178a/b, Introduction to Urban and Regional Planning | |
| | Description: Principles and processes of land use planning for urban and regional development; current issues and case studies. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 327F/G, Geography 328F/G. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 180a/b, Geographic Visualization | |
| | Description: The organization and visualization of geographic data. Principles of graphic design and data organization. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 181F/G, Development and Change in Human Landscapes | |
| | Description: An examination of the way present human landscapes have developed over time. An exploration of agents of landscape change; the relationship between societies, technology and landscape; and attitudes toward landscape. Methods of identifying, monitoring and controlling landscape change. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 359F/G. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 182a/b, Russia and the Former Soviet Union: The Legacy | |
| | Description: An introduction to the geography of Russia and its neighbours with an emphasis on the Soviet legacy. Topics covered will include resource and environmental issues, culture and nationalism, the economy and demographics. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 187a/b, Africa South of the Sahara | |
| | Description: This course provides an introduction to the geography of Africa south of the Sahara. The course will take a systematic approach. Economic, political, social and environmental issues will be examined with a focus on contemporary patterns of change within the context of the global economy. | | 2 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 188a/b, Latin America and the Caribbean: Landscapes of Inequality | |
| | Description: This course provides an introduction to the geography of Latin America and the Caribbean by examining how struggles for land, resources and labour have driven political, economic, social and environmental change in the region, from the European Conquest to the present. | | 2 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 201a/b, Introduction to Spatial Analysis | |
| | Description: An introduction to the nature of geographical data and the application of quantitative and statistical techniques and computing systems to spatial analysis; models of spatial data, probability, distributions, hypothesis testing and correlations. | | Antirequisite(s): All other senior level statistics courses numbered 100 or above. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. An 020-099 level Mathematics, Applied Mathematics or Computer Science course is strongly recommended in the first year. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 205a/b, Selected Topics in Geography | |
| | Description: Consult the Department of Geography for details of course offering. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E | | 3 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 206a/b, Selected Topics in Geography | |
| | Description: Consult the Department of Geography for details of course offering. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E | | 4 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 208a/b, Weather and Climate | |
| | Description: Fundamentals of the physical processes underlying weather and climate; radiant energy, energy balances, clouds, atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics; principles of the Greenhouse Effect", mid-latitude cyclones and aspects of weather forecasting, severe weather phenomenon and atmospheric optics. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E or an 020-099 level Applied Mathematics, Mathematics, or Physics course. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 213a/b, Introductory Biogeography | |
| | Description: Spatial distributions of plants and animals; evolutionary and environmental controls on distributions; impacts of human settlement. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 214a/b, Geomorphology and Hydrology | |
| | Description: Water and sediment cycles at the earth's surface and explanation of the resultant landforms; examples of response to environmental change; selected applications to environmental management. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E or (only for BSc Geology with Environmental Science) Earth Sciences 020 or two of Earth Sciences 081a/b, 083F, 082a/b or 084b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 216a/b, Pedology | |
| | Description: Soils as environmental systems; major factors and processes affecting soil development; responses of soil systems to environmental change; selected applications of pedological techniques. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E or (only for BSc Geology with Environmental Science) Earth Sciences 020 or two of Earth Sciences 081a/b, 083F, 082a/b or 084b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 220a/b, Human Geography | |
| | Description: An introduction to the spatial processes which influence the pattern of such land uses as food production, energy production and transmission, manufacturing, communication and transportation, and retailing. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 235F/G, Introduction to Resource and Environmental Management | |
| | Description: A geographical introduction to natural resources and their management; juxtaposition of global and Canadian resources and environmental conditions and the human management response. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 237a/b, Geographic Research: Methods and Issues | |
| | Description: A survey of a range of geographic research methods, both the models and the techniques employed, and issues arising from their use. Topics covered include research questions and design, sources of error, ethics and values in research, methods of data collection, data analysis and presentation of findings. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 242a/b, Introductory Cartography | |
| | Description: Introduction to cartographic theory, map design and drafting, including practical experience with many methods of graphic representation of spatial data. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 249a/b, Health Geography | |
| | Description: This course introduces students to current issues in health geography. Through case studies, students will learn the important role of geography in explaining patterns of diseases, health transitions and health inequalities around the world. | | Prerequisite(s): One course from: Geography 020E, 021, Health Sciences 022, Kinesiology 021, Sociology 020, 021E, or permission of the instructor. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour. | | back to top |
| Geography 270a/b, Economic Geography | |
| | Description: The forces reshaping global economic geography; fundamentals of spatial economics; principles of locational decisions; spatial interaction; growth of spatial economic systems; examples are taken from a variety of countries. | | Antirequisite(s): The former Geography 170a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 practical work/tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 277F/G, Urban Development | |
| | Description: Growth, structure and morphology in industrial and post-industrial cities; theories of, and empirical research on, urban form and structure; land development decision making; development feasibility modelling; urban land-use policy. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 280a/b, Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | |
| | Description: Fundamental concepts, geographic information representation and spatial data entry. Basic spatial analysis, cartography and remote sensing. Practical skills developed through use of a GIS system. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 020E. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 301a/b, Quantitative Analysis in Geography | |
| | Description: Simple parametric and nonparametric statistical methods through multiple regression are introduced. Exploratory data analysis techniques are examined as a supplement to more traditional statistical methods. Geography specific techniques are also presented. | | Antirequisite(s): All other senior level statistics courses numbered 100 or above. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 201a/b | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 302a/b, Spatial Statistics | |
| | Description: Topics include exploratory spatial data analysis, global and local spatial statistics, spatial autocorrelation and interpolation, spatial regression models, and geographically weighted regression. The emphasis will be on developing analytical skills with practical applications using statistical software and Geographic Information Systems. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or four year status at the University including
Geography 201a/b or equivalent and Geography 280a/b or permission of the instructor. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 lab hours, 0.5 course (main campus) Limited enrolment | | back to top |
| Geography 305a/b, Selected Topics in Geography | |
| | Description: Consult the Department of Geography for details of course offering. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography. Third or fourth year status at the University. | | 3 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 306a/b, Special Topics in Geography | |
| | Description: Consult the Department of Geography for details of course offering. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography. Third or fourth year status at the University. | | 4 hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 307a/b, Remote Sensing | |
| | Description: Introduction to the principles, techniques, and geographic applications of remote sensing systems. Computer processing of remote sensing digital data. Interface of remote sensing data with geographic information systems. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 201a/b and Geography 280a/b and third or fourth year status at the University. Geography 301a/b is recommended. | | 1 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | Limited enrolment. | | back to top |
| Geography 308a/b, Micrometeorology | |
| | Description: Principles of weather and climate at micro-, local, and meso-scales; processes associated with transfer of heat, mass, and momentum and resulting climates near the surface; local winds, fog, urban climates and air pollution. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 208a/b or the former 238b. (An 020 089 level course in Applied Mathematics, Mathematics, or Physics is also recommended.) | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 309a/b, Advanced Topics in Remote Sensing | |
| | Description: Themes to be considered may include: advanced computer analysis of digital satellite and airborne data (optical, infrared and radar), advanced image classification methods, texture analysis, change detection, automatic linear feature extraction, structural pattern recognition and remote sensing applications. Remote sensing software will be used in lab. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 307a/b | | 1 lecture hour, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | Limitied Enrolment | | back to top |
| Geography 313a/b, Advanced Biogeography | |
| | Description: Distributions of plants and animals over space and time; plant and animal population dynamics; form and function of plant communities; theory of island biogeography; research techniques; aspects of vegetation and wildlife management; some implications of environmental change. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status and Geography 213a/b, Geography 280a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course (computer work is required). | | back to top |
| Geography 314a/b, Hydrology | |
| | Description: The relationship between rainfall and runoff, including the influence of vegetation and soil-water systems; runoff from snow and ice; the hydrological role of lakes and rivers. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 214a/b. Geography 208a/b is also recommended). | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 315a/b, Groundwater Hydrology | |
| | Description: The distribution and movement of groundwater; evaluation and monitoring of groundwater resources with respect to their extraction, pollution and remediation. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 314a/b or permission of the instructor. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 316a/b, Drainage Basin Geomorphology | |
| | Description: Analysis of drainage basin form and process, including fluvial processes on hillslopes, channel networks, the drainage basin sediment cascade, response of drainage basins to environmental change and selected applications to drainage basin management. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 214a/b | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 317a/b, Geomorphology of River Channels | |
| | Description: The mechanics of alluvial rivers, including fluvial hydraulics and sediment transport, river channel morphology and dynamics, floodplain sedimentation, the response of rivers to environmental change, and selected applications to river channel management. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 214a/b | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 318a/b, Glacial Geomorphology | |
| | Description: Glaciers, glacial landforms, and geomorphic processes with special reference to contemporary glacierized environments. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status including Geography 214a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 319a/b, Periglacial Environments | |
| | Description: Geomorphic processes, landforms, and landscape history of contemporary periglacial areas, with particular reference to Canadian alpine environments and permafrost. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status including Geography 214a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 321a/b, Environmental Change | |
| | Description: The evidence, causes, and chronology of environmental change, with emphasis on the Holocene in North America. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status including at least one of Geography 208a/b, Geography 213a/b and Geography 214a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 322F/G, Urban Culture | |
| | Description: Geographic investigation of urban culture focusing on the human behavior/built environment relationship. The effects of urban lifestyles on the urban environment and the effects of urban lifestyles are systematically investigated: concepts, theories, and field methodologies applied in urban settings. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses in Geography and third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 326a/b, Dendrochronology | |
| | Description: Introduction to techniques of tree-ring dating and applications to research in geomorphology, archaeology, palaeoecology, and palaeoclimatology. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status, including at least one of Geography 208a/b, Geography 213a/b and Geography 214a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 327F/G, Land Use Planning | |
| | Description: Basic techniques for preparing, implementing, and applying land use plans and zoning controls. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status. | | 3 seminar hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 328F/G, Land Use and Development Issues | |
| | Description: Critical examination of current land use and development projects; students are required actively to participate in the discussions. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status, including Geography 327F/G. | | 3 seminar hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 329a/b, Social Geography | |
| | Description: A geographical investigation of the links between spatial change and social processes. Selected topics will include spatial organization of institutions, social space and group behavior, and conflict/cooperation in plural societies, with an emphasis on Canada. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 151a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 331a/b, Human Impacts on Weather and Climate | |
| | Description: An examination of modified weather and climates due to human activities on scales ranging from local modification of microclimates in urban areas to global climate change due to changes in atmospheric composition. The processes underlying the changes are examined as well as the methods of detecting the changes. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 208a/b or Physics 104a/b or permission of the instructor. | | 3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 332a/b, Geography of Cultural Studies | |
| | Description: An examination of contemporary theories in cultural geography-ideology, identity, postmodernism, power, space, and place-and their application to current issues such as class, consumption, gender, media, and race. Emphasis is placed upon understanding the socio-political processes giving rise to cultural practices and critiquing them in their spatial contexts. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status, including Geography 220a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 333E, Advanced Urban Development | |
| | Description: Theoretical and empirical underpinnings of urban form and structure. A major focus is on dynamic development feasibility models and their application to urban development projects. The course also addresses processes affecting urban office functions, retailing, housing markets, central business districts, built form, and planning philosophies. | | Antirequisite(s): The former Geography 377F/G, and the former Geography 378F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 277F/G. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 1.0 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 335F/G, Geographies of Development | |
| | Description: A thematic course on the geography of development. Common explanations for poverty and underdevelopment are critically assessed. Covers a range of scales (local, national, international, global) to demonstrate how processes operating at various scales interact to produce uneven geographical outcomes. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography and third or fourth year status at the University (or by permission of the Department). | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 336a/b, Geographic Perspectives on Law and Society | |
| | Description: Law influences and sometimes determines spatial and environmental relations and, dialectically, these transform law. This course introduces geographic approaches, such as impact analysis, class and gender studies and discourse analysis, to law. It surveys topics such as the spacing of urbanism and social, cultural and environmental regulation. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status at the University. | | 3 seminar hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 341a/b, Systematic Political Geography | |
| | Description: An examination of geographic factors in the formation and development of the modern state; selected issues of international scope with relation to the rise of minority nationalism. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status including Geography 220a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 342a/b, Advanced Cartography | |
| | Description: Advanced cartographic project design and implementation. Image processing, geographic information systems, remote sensing, computer graphics programming, 2- and 3- dimensional representations; interface design; data manipulation. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status including Geography 242a/b. Geography 280a/b or Computer Science 026a/b or the former Computer Science 028a/b are recommended. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 343y, Field Methods and Practices | |
| | Description: Departmental field camps and field trips as arranged. Students should be prepared to meet the necessary travel and living expenses. Mandatory for students in third year Honors Specialization modules in Geography; open to students registered in the 3rd or 4th year of the Major in Geography. | | Sessions and hours by arrangement, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 349a/b, Geography of Health and Health Care | |
| | Description: A critical examination of the major themes in the geography of health and health care. The focus will be on the importance of understanding place, space and environment as they relate to health. Geographical aspects of health inequalities, access and utilization will be explored. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 249a/b or a related 200-level course in Health Sciences, Sociology or Psychology, or permission of the instructor. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 352a/b, Arctic Canada | |
| | Description: A geographic analysis of Canada north of the tree-line; selected environmental, social, economic, and political themes and case studies. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 124a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 353a/b, The Geography of Agriculture in Developed Market Economies | |
| | Description: Description and evaluation of agricultural systems in developed market economies, especially Canada; relationships at the farm and overall agri-food system levels. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography and third or fourth year status at the University. Geography 235F/G is recommemded. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours including farm visits, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 354a/b, Rural Conservation and Planning | |
| | Description: Principles and practice of rural conservation, planning, and development in developed countries, with an emphasis on Canada; the nature, problems and needs of rural landscapes, economies and communities; conservation of rural resources; provision of social and economic services; rural-urban relationships. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography (Geography 353a/b recommended) and third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours including field research, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 355F/G, Water Resources Management | |
| | Description: The examination of concepts and methodologies utilized in the management of water. Lectures and tutorials will focus on water management strategies and their legal, administrative, economic and political implications. Topics of discussion include the watershed concept, demand management, and interbasin water transfers. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 235F/G and third or fourth year status at the University. | | 3 lecture/tutorial hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 356a/b, Selected Topics in Resource Management | |
| | Description: The examination and application of resource management concepts and methodologies in selected fields. An emphasis upon practical work, and recent developments in management practice. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography and third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 Practical Work hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 358F/G, Geography of Tourism | |
| | Description: Examination of tourism as a global, national and local phenomenon, with economic, social, and environmental impacts; emphasis on tourism in developing countries; hosts, guests, and tourism operators; tourism trends; mass versus alternative tourism; relationship between 'ecotourism' and nature protection. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in Geography and third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 359F/G, Geographical Approaches to Landscapes | |
| | Description: The concept of landscape and changing perceptions of landscape features. Types of landscapes. Mankind's role in creating, changing and preserving landscapes. | | Antirequisite(s): Geography 181F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status at the University and four full courses or equivalent in Geography. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 360F/G, Conservation and Development | |
| | Description: Examination of changing environmental values and their impacts on approaches to conserving nature and wildlife, particularly in developing countries; exclusionary protection, sustainable utilization, and community-based conservation; 'North-South' dimensions of conservation; ecotourism. | | Prerequisite(s): Two full courses or equivalent in geography and third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 361a/b, Environmental Hazards and Human Health | |
| | Description: This is a survey course regarding the links between human health and environmental hazard exposure. Issues will include the health impacts of water pollution, air pollution, solid and hazardous waste, toxic substances, pesticides and radiation. The limitations of models and methods are discussed. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 366a/b, Western Europe | |
| | Description: Investigation in detail of geographical factors in the economic and social patterns of Western Europe; selected themes and case studies. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status including Geography 220a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 369F/G, Geography of Gender | |
| | Description: An examination of the spaces of masculinity and femininity; theories, concepts and selected topics. Issues addressed include spatial divisions of gender and social constructions of male and female roles and places. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status at the University. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 370a/b, Decision-Making with GIS | |
| | Description: Principles of integrating GIS and Decision Analysis. Selected GIS-based decision-making techniques are applied in practical sessions. A range of applications from both public and private sector organizations are covered. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 280a/b | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 371a/b, Location Theory | |
| | Description: An examination of public and private facility location theory. Industrial location, retailing and public facility location approaches are discussed. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 270a/b | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 372a/b, The Geography of International Business | |
| | Description: An examination of the spatial behavior of large corporations and the impact on regional economics. Investment pattern, interorganizational linkages and organizational change will be discussed. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 270a/b, or one of Geography 171a/b or the former 170a/b with a grade of at least 70%. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 seminar hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 376F/G, Housing | |
| | Description: This course explores the geography of housing in North American cities from an historical perspective, with a detailed investigation of the effects of land development, construction, financing, planning, public policy, demographics and lifestyle changes on the production and consumption of residential landscapes. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 379a/b, Spatial Data Handling | |
| | Description: Advanced methods and techniques in spatial data handling are covered. Topics include: spatial data encoding from maps, geographic database implementation, spatial interpolation and integration of remote sensing and GIS. Gain further hands-on experience using different vector and raster-based GIS software. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 201a/b and Geography 280a/b | | 1 lecture hour, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | Limited Enrolment | | back to top |
| Geography 380a/b, Environmental Modelling with Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing | |
| | Description: Examination of spatially and temporally distributed environmental models that use Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing techniques. Modelling of watershed systems, focusing on the energy, water, and biogeochemical cycles. Prediction of environmental and/or ecological change on watershed systems. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status at the University including Geography 201a/b, Geography 280a/b and at least one of Geography 208a/b, Geography 213a/b, Geography 214a/b, or Geography 216a/b, or equivalent. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical hours, 0.5 course. | | Limited enrolment. | | back to top |
| Geography 383a/b, Advanced Seminar in Geographic Information Science | |
| | Description: The application of general principles of scientific modelling and visualization to geographic problems using a GIS and other relevant spatial information processing systems. Seminar/studio format with individual or team student projects. | | Prerequisite(s): Third or fourth year status at the University including the former Geography 381a/b. | | 3 seminar hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 384a/b, Impact Assessment and Sustainable Resource Management | |
| | Description: Problem definition from the standpoint of sustainable resource management; institutional arrangements, conflict analysis and formulation of public policies; impact assessment as a process in planning resource development. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 235F/G. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 385a/b, Implementing Sustainability | |
| | Description: Practical issues regarding the implementation of sustainability in resource management. Emphasis on skills development, entrepreneurship, leadership and the facilitation of change. The use of small groups, workshops and active learning techniques allow for enhanced problem-based learning and personal awareness related to individual, corporate, and government roles and responsibilities. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 384a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 387a/b, Environmental Dispute Resolution | |
| | Description: Sources of conflict in resource management and methods for resolving environmental disputes. The changing dynamics of interest representation, including stakeholder identification and the roles played by the media, pressure groups, management agencies, and lay citizens. | | Prerequisite(s): Geography 384a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 2 practical work hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Geography 448a/b, The Nature and Philosophy of Geography | |
| | Description: Discussion of geographical paradigms within an historical and social context. A central concern is the relationship between the academic and professional practice of geography. | | Antirequisite(s): The former Geography 348a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Restricted to and mandatory for fourth year honors geography students. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| | Description: A thesis on a geographical problem including the results of field work, cartographic representation, and a study of the relevant literature. Restricted to students in Fourth Year Honors Geography. | | Hours by arrangement, 1.5 course. | | back to top |
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