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Economics
| Economics 020, Introduction to Economics | |
| | Description: The problem of scarcity and its implications, choice; opportunity cost, specialization and exchange; supply and demand; economic choices of households and firms; competition and monopoly; resource markets; public policy; income distribution; national income; aggregate supply and aggregate demand; inflation, unemployment and interest rates; money and monetary institutions; balance of payments; and exchange rates. | | 3 lecture hours, 1.0 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 116a/b, Economic History of Canada I | |
| | Description: The economic development of Canada with emphasis on the emergence from a simple society based on staples to a complex industrial society. Topics include the meaning and measurement of economic growth, the staple thesis, agriculture in central Canada, commercial policy before 1867, and population growth. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 341F/G, Economics 342F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 117a/b, Economic History of Canada II | |
| | Description: The economic development of Canada with emphasis on the period since the mid-nineteenth century. Topics include: the mobilization of capital; historical aspects of foreign investment, transportation and the investment in infrastructure; the Wheat Boom and westward expansion; and an historical view of the Canadian business cycle. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 342F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 122a/b, Econometrics I | |
| | Description: An introduction to econometric description and inference which covers: descriptive statistics for cross-section and time-series samples, probability; probability distributions and random variables; estimators and sampling distributions; confidence intervals and tests of hypotheses; simple linear regression. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 222a/b, Health Sciences 201, Statistical Sciences 260b, and all other courses or half courses in Introductory Statistics except Statistical Sciences 023a/b and 024a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020; and MCB4U, OAC Calculus or Math 012a/b.
| | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 123a/b, Econometrics II | |
| | Description: An introductory course in regression analysis which covers: multivariate probability distributions; the classical linear regression model; heteroskedasticity; autocorrelation; introduction to time series; dynamic linear models; diagnostic testing; instrumental variables; nonlinearities and limited dependent variables. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 223a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 122a/b; and Mathematics 030, or Calculus 050a/b and one of Calculus 051a/b, 081a/b or Linear Algebra 040a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 124a/b, Economic Development I | |
| | Description: A review of the economic problems of the third world and the nature of the process of economic development. Topics may include: structure of developing countries' economies; theories of economic growth and development; development and human welfare; planning and markets; human resources in development. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 324F/G, Economics 343F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 125a/b, Economic Development II | |
| | Description: Topics will include savings and the financing of capital formation in the development process; the role of international trade and capital flows; natural resources and agriculture in economic development. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 325F/G, Economics 343F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | Note: Although Economics 124a/b is not a formal prerequisite, certain additional readings will be assigned to students who have not taken that course. | | back to top |
| Economics 126F/G, The International Economy In Historical Perspective I | |
| | Description: A study of the economic history of major nations in the recent past concentrating on Europe and North America. Topics include: the early modern economy in Europe; British industrialization; and later industrialization. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 127F/G, The International Economy in Historical Perspective II | |
| | Description: A study of the emergence of the international economy since the late nineteenth century. Other topics will include: the interwar experience; the evolution of the modern state; and the economic experience since World War II. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 128a/b, Economics of China | |
| | Description: This course examines economic development of the People's Republic of China since 1949. It analyses China's economic successes and failures during the Maoist era and the reform period. Topics include state versus private ownership, foreign trade and investment in China, rural and urban reforms, inequality and poverty, and human development. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 311F/G; | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b and Economics 152a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 141a/b, Principles of Mathematical Economics I | |
| | Description: An introduction to mathematical economics, showing the application of linear algebra, differential calculus and constrained optimization techniques to the modelling of decision making by economic agents. Examples include analysis of the consumer resource allocation problem and of the selection of preferred production plans by various types of firms. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 210a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020; and Mathematics 030, or Calculus 050a/b and one of Calculus 051a/b, Calculus 081a/b, or Linear Algebra 040a/b | | 3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 142a/b, Principles of Mathematical Economics II | |
| | Description: An extension of the techniques of Economics 141a/b to include differential and difference equations. An analysis of economic growth and fluctuations, resource extraction, and other dynamic models. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 310a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 141a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 150a/b, Intermediate Microeconomic Theory I | |
| | Description: Theories of the behavior of consumers and firms and the theory of competitive markets. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 260a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020 or Economics 021; and MCB4U, OAC Calculus or Mathematics 012a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 151a/b, Intermediate Microeconomic Theory II | |
| | Description: Theories of imperfectly competitive markets and the markets for factors of production; game theory, general equilibrium and welfare economics. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 152a/b, Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory and Policy I | |
| | Description: National income accounts, price indexes, theories of aggregate demand and aggregate supply; rational expectations; the determination of real income, employment, wages, the rate of interest and the price level. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 220a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020 or Economics 021 and MCB4U, OAC Calculus or Mathematics 012a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 153a/b, Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory and Policy II | |
| | Description: Inflation; unemployment; economic growth and fluctuations; the determination of the balance of payments and the exchange rate; and monetary and fiscal stabilization policies in closed and open economies. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 221a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 152a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| | Description: This half course in intermediate monetary theory covers such topics as: the flow of funds, a detailed analysis of the demand for money, the behavior of financial institutions and issues in monetary policy. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 371a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 152a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 155a/b, Labor Economics - Theory | |
| | Description: The theory of labor economics encompasses the questions of the supply of and demand for labor in aggregate and of various skills in particular. Alternative approaches to these intermediate problems will be discussed as well as their final outcome, the distribution of earnings and the level of unemployment. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 344a/b and Economics 345a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 156a/b, Labor Economics - Bargaining | |
| | Description: The economic and legal aspects of labor relations will be approached under some or all of the following headings: the history and origin of the trade union movement, the economics of trade unions, labor law, wage/price controls and the relationship of unions, firms and governments. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 344a/b and Economics 345a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 157F/G, Urban Economics | |
| | Description: A policy oriented analysis of the economic problems of cities. Topics include urbanization, location of residences and employment, housing, transportation, pollution, urban poverty, crime and fiscal problems. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 159a/b, Public Finance - Expenditure | |
| | Description: A survey of the role of government in a market economy, effects of public expenditures, and collective decision-making in a Canadian setting. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 328a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 160a/b, Public Finance - Revenue | |
| | Description: A survey of the theory of taxation, economic effects of various federal, provincial, and municipal taxes, and issues in tax reform in a Canadian context. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 329a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 161F/G, Income Distribution and Poverty | |
| | Description: The distribution of income and wealth, economic explanations of inequality and poverty, and an analysis of government economic policies aimed at achieving a more equal distribution. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 162a/b, Comparative International Business | |
| | Description: Business practices around the world as well as the market structures found in countries in the major trading blocs (Europe, North America, Japan, Asia, Latin America) are examined. Country risk, financial aspects, the history of global economic institutions since World War II and their relevance for international commerce are studied. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b and Economics 152a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 163a/b, International Trade | |
| | Description: An analysis of commodity trade and foreign investment among nations. The welfare effects associated with international trade and the effects of government interference with free trade receive special attention. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 352a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 164a/b, International Finance | |
| | Description: A discussion of macroeconomic topics relevant to an open economy: the foreign exchange market, balance of payments accounting, macroeconomic models, intervention policy, and exchange rate regimes. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 353a/b, Economics 370a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 152a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 165F/G, Industrial Organization | |
| | Description: This course is concerned with monopoly power: how it is measured, how it arises, its effects, and what might be done about it. Topics covered will include industrial concentration, barriers to entry, theories of imperfect competition, foreign ownership, advertising, innovation, discrimination, regulation, and Canadian Competition Policy. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 357a/b, Economics 364a/b, Economics 365a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 166F/G, Economics of Air Transportation | |
| | Description: Microeconomic theory and empirical techniques are applied to the study of national and international air transport. Topics may include demand analysis, costs of airport/airline operations, changes in technology organization of the airline industry, regulation and public policy, and pricing. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | Corequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 169F/G, Economics of Health Care | |
| | Description: Examination of health as an economic good and the economics of health services. Topics include international comparison of health services systems, private versus public financing, consequences of information asymmetry between buyers and sellers of medical services, and valuation of life and health in cost-benefit analysis. | | Antirequisite(s): Health Sciences 169F/G | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | Pre- or Corequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 171F/G, Comparative Economic Systems | |
| | Description: A course on how alternative economic systems resolve economic problems. Compares in theory and practice different forms of economic organization found in the capitalist and (formerly) socialist world. Possible topics include: forms of ownership, pricing and valuation, incentives, planning versus markets, and the reform or transition of socialist economies. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 172a/b, Natural Resource and Environmental Economics | |
| | Description: Economic issues pertaining to the exploitation and conservation of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources such as fisheries, forests and energy. The course also explores the tension between economic growth and environmental quality and evaluates alternative approaches to environmental problems. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 374a/b, 396a/b (if taken in 2001-02). | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 176F/G, Economic Analysis of Law: Property Rights and Contracts | |
| | Description: Economic analysis of basic common law and legal institutions. The course will begin with an in-depth treatment of the development and enforcement of property rights. The tools of economic analysis will be used to discuss property, contract, and torts law. No prior knowledge of law is expected of the students. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 366a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 177a/b, Economic Analysis of Law: Selected Applications | |
| | Description: Economic analysis of criminal law, family law, intellectual property law, jury selection, tax law, and law enforcement procedures. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 367a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 182F/G, Economics of Sports | |
| | Description: The goal of this course is to apply basic economic tools to specific questions and problems in the sports industries. These tools include supply and demand analysis, basic game theory, wage determination in competitive and monopsonistic models, theories of the firm, models of imperfect competition, and probability. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 188F/G prior to September 1998. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 184a/b, Cost-Benefit Analysis | |
| | Description: This course will deal with the reasons for using cost-benefit analysis (market failures, the efficiency-equity conflict), techniques of measuring costs and benefits, and various applications of cost-benefit analysis. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 186a/b, Special Topics in Economics | |
| | Description: Topics to be posted by Department. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 295a/b and the former 296a/b 298a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | Students may not count more than one full or equivalent special topics course in Economics toward a degree without special permission from the Department. | | back to top |
| Economics 187F/G, Special Topics in Economics I | |
| | Description: Topics to be posted by Department. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b and Economics 152a/b or permission of the Department. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | Students may not count more than one full or equivalent special topics course in Economics toward a degree without permission from the Department. | | back to top |
| Economics 188F/G, Special Topics in Economics II | |
| | Description: Topics to be posted by Department. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b and Economics 152a/b or permission of the Department. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | Students may not count more than one full or equivalent special topics course in Economics toward a degree without permission from the Department. | | back to top |
| Economics 196a/b, Economic History of the United States I | |
| | Description: An historical analysis of the economic development of the United States since 1790. Topics include: labor and the economy; the role of government; transportation; and agriculture. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 197a/b, Economic History of the United States II | |
| | Description: A continuation of Economics 196a/b. Topics include: evolution of a national market; technological change; the structure of industry; industrial concentration; and economic fluctuations. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Enrolment in the following 200-499 courses will be restricted to students registered in the Honors Economics program, an Honors Specialization in Economics, in a combined honors program with Economics, or a Major in Economics on Main Campus. |
| Economics 220a/b, Intermediate Macroeconomics I | |
| | Description: The theory and applications of: national income accounts; income determination; consumption; investment; and the demand for money. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 152a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 221a/b, Intermediate Macroeconomics II | |
| | Description: Issues in macroeconomic theory and policy. Topics include: inflation; income determination in the open economy; and the balance of payments and stabilization policy in closed and open economies. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 153a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 222a/b, Intermediate Econometrics I | |
| | Description: An introduction to econometric description and inference which covers: descriptive statistics for cross-section and time-series samples; probability, discrete and continuous probability distributions, random variables; estimators and sampling distributions; confidence intervals and tests of hypotheses; simple linear regression for normal and non-normal populations. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 122a/b, Health Sciences 282 or the former Health Sciences 201, Statistical Sciences 260b, and all other courses or half courses in Introductory Statistics except Statistical Sciences 023a/b and 024a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020; and Mathematics 030, or Calculus 050a/b and one of Calculus 051a/b, Calculus 081a/b, or Linear Algebra 040a/b | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 223a/b, Econometrics II | |
| | Description: An introductory course in regression analysis which covers: multivariate probability distributions; the classical linear regression model; heteroskedasticity; autocorrelation; introduction to time series; unit roots and cointegration; dynamic linear models; diagnostic testing; instrumental variables; nonlinearities and limited dependent variables. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 123a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 222a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 260a/b, Intermediate Microeconomics I | |
| | Description: Theories of consumer and firm behavior and equilibrium in competitive markets. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 150a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 261a/b, Intermediate Microeconomics II | |
| | Description: Theories of monopoly markets, general equilibrium and welfare economics, game theory, public goods and externalities. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 151a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 260a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 288F/G, Economic Policy I | |
| | Description: This course deals with contemporary microeconomic policy issues of the Canadian economy. Specific attention is paid to policy issues arising in agriculture, renewable and non-renewable resources (including energy), manufacturing, and the service sector (including health and education). Contemporary issues in trade, regional and industrial policy are also discussed. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 138F/G, Economics 140E, Economics 319F/G, or the former Economics 180a. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 260a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 289F/G, Economic Policy II | |
| | Description: This course deals with contemporary issues in macroeconomic policy with specific references to Canada. Alternative theories of stabilization policy are developed and applied. A discussion of the financial sector in Canada will also be included. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 139F/G, Economics 140E, Economics 319F/G, the former Economics 180a. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 295a/b, Special Topics in Economics II | |
| | Description: An analysis of current topics in economics. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 186a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 020. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 310a/b, Principles of Mathematical Economics II | |
| | Description: A continuation of Economics 210a/b (implicit differentiation and differential equations) with applications including: supply and demand analysis; and dynamic economic models. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 142a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 210a/b or Economics 141a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 311F/G, Economics of China | |
| | Description: This course examines economic development in the People's Republic of China since 1949. It analyzes China's economic successes and failures during both the Maoist era and reform period. Topics covered include socialist economic strategies, planning versus markets, income distribution, foreign trade and ownership. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 312a/b, The Global Trading System | |
| | Description: This is a research-oriented course on trade policy in a global context. The course will discuss international trade institutions and agreements, examining such policy issues as trade in commodities, agriculture, contingent protection, and trade in services. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b, Economics 222a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 320a/b, Advanced Macroeconomics I | |
| | Description: Macroeconomic theory and policy from both a Keynesian and a modern viewpoint. Topics include: determination of national income and price level; microeconomic foundations of macroeconomics; demand for money; and inflation. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 321a/b, Advanced Macroeconomics II | |
| | Description: Macroeconomic theory and policy as related to: investment; the labor market; interactions between the real and monetary sectors; and the international economy. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 320a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 324F/G, Economic Development I | |
| | Description: A review of the economic problems of the third world to develop some understanding of the causes of economic backwardness and the process of economic development. Topics considered include: theories of economic growth and development; sources of economic growth; rural-urban migration; and the role of agriculture. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 124a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 325F/G, Economic Development II | |
| | Description: A continuation of Economics 324F/G. The focus will be on income distribution, international aspects of economic development, and problems of financing economic development. Examples will be drawn from a variety of countries. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 125a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 324F/G. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 326F/G, The Economic History of Europe I | |
| | Description: A study of economic changes in Europe since the eighteenth century, with special reference to the economic history of England, France and Germany. Topics will include the problems of transforming traditional societies and the creation of a sophisticated manufacturing sector. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b and Economics 260a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 327F/G, Economic History of Europe II | |
| | Description: A study of Europe in the world economy since the mid-nineteenth century. Topics include the growth of the international economy, relative economic performance, and monetary and business cycle difficulties in the twentieth century. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b and Economics 260a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 328a/b, Public Finance: Expenditure | |
| | Description: A positive and normative analysis of government expenditure, public goods, externalities, economic models of government behavior. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 159a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 329a/b, Public Finance: Taxation | |
| | Description: A positive and normative analysis of government revenues, incentive effects of taxes, tax incidence, Canadian tax policy. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 160a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 330a/b, Advanced Monetary Theory | |
| | Description: A detailed analysis of the foundations of monetary theory. Topics include money in general equilibrium and money and exchange. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 371a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 331a/b, Advanced Monetary Policy | |
| | Description: A detailed survey of the advances in monetary policy. Topics include financial intermediation, the monetary transmission mechanism, and monetary policy. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 371a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 332a/b, Financial Economics | |
| | Description: This course will be concerned with the determination of asset prices. Topics include market efficiency, portfolio choice, derivative securities, and the term structure of interest rates. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 398a/b (if taken in 1999-00, 2000-01, 2001-02). | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | Corequisite(s): Economics 320a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 344a/b, Labor Economics I | |
| | Description: A study of the labor market, including wage and employment determination, labor force participation, investment in labor market skills and unions. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 155a/b, Economics 156a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 345a/b, Labor Economics II | |
| | Description: Covers topics on the "new labor economics" including economics of discrimination, fertility, marriage, health and crime. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 155a/b, Economics 156a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 344a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 352a/b, International Trade | |
| | Description: This course explains why nations trade, what are the gains from trade, what determines the pattern of trade, and what are the causes and consequences of various restrictions on trade such as tariffs, quotas, and voluntary export restraints. Foreign investment and the theory of the multinational enterprise are also discussed. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 163a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 353a/b, International Finance | |
| | Description: Topics to be covered include the theory of balance of payments adjustment and the problems of international liquidity. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 164a/b, Economics 370a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 364a/b, Industrial Organization I | |
| | Description: An introduction to the modern theory of Industrial Organization. This course introduces the principles of game theory and applies them to the oligopoly problem. It also discusses issues such as: reasons for the existence of firms; the problem of vertical integration; and the incentives for cooperative behavior among firms. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 357a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 365a/b, Industrial Organization II | |
| | Description: This course builds on the material from Economics 364a/b. It considers issues such as: incentives for firms to differentiate their products; firms' provision of product warranties; the role of advertising and incentives for firms to reduce competition through entry-prevention. It also relates these issues to Canadian anti-combines legislation. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 357a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 364a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 366a/b, Economics and Law I | |
| | Description: A basic course applying economic theory to the law and to legal and economic institutions. Topics covered include: the evolution and efficiency of property rights; crime and punishment; the modern corporation; torts; contracts; and non-contractual arrangements. No previous knowledge of law is required. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 176F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 367a/b, Economics and Law II | |
| | Description: Special topics in the economics of legal institutions: civil and criminal procedure; discrimination; civil liberties and the constitution; advertising and other markets in ideas. No previous knowledge of law is required. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 177a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 369a/b, Political Economy II | |
| | Description: This course will explore some major contributions to political economy, including interest groups, the politics of economic growth, regimes in transition to democracy, federalism and rights. | | Antirequisite(s): Political Science 369. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 150a/b or Economics 260a/b and Political Science 020E or permission of the Department. | | 2 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 374a/b, Natural Resource and Environmental Economics | |
| | Description: The aim of this course is to develop the economist's approach to environmental problems and natural resource use and to evaluate the effectiveness of various policies that governments have used to solve environmental problems and improve natural resource use. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 396a/b (if taken in 1999 00, 2000 01, 2001 02) and Economics 172a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 376F/G, Economic History of North America I | |
| | Description: The study of the economy of North America from European settlement to the mid-nineteenth century. Topics include analysis of the role of export staples, the process of colonial settlement, the economics of American slavery, early industrialization and the effects of tariffs. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b and Economics 260a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 377F/G, Economic History of North America II | |
| | Description: The study of the United States and Canadian economies since the mid-nineteenth century. Topics will include the role of world markets in Western settlement, the emergence of modern industrial economies, and the turbulence of the interwar years. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 220a/b and Economics 260a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 382a/b, Advanced Microeconomics I | |
| | Description: Theories of expected utility and uncertainty, and game theory. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 381a/b. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 210a/b (or equivalent in the Department of Mathematics, Actuarial Science or Statistics), Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 383a/b, Advanced Microeconomics II | |
| | Description: Topics in advanced micro theory; topics will vary with the interests of the students and instructor. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 382a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 384F/G, History of Economic Thought I | |
| | Description: This course will deal with theories of production, distribution and value from the mid-18th to the early 20th century. | | Antirequisite(s): Economics 309F/G. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 385F/G, History of Economic Thought II | |
| | Description: This course will deal with the development of theories of money and banking from the mid-18th to the early 20th century. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 221a/b, Economics 261a/b. | | 3 lecture hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 388a/b, Applied Econometrics I | |
| | Description: The aim of this course is to give students extended practical experience in applying the techniques studied in Economics 222a/b and Economics 223a/b. Topics include data gathering and the use of popular computing packages to estimate the parameters of various static linear models. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 223a/b. | | 2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
| Economics 389a/b, Applied Econometrics II | |
| | Description: This course extends the practical techniques of Economics 388a/b to such topics as: maximum likelihood estimation; time series models; multiple equation models; and dynamic models. | | Prerequisite(s): Economics 388a/b. | | 1 lecture hour, 2 laboratory hours, 0.5 course. | | back to top |
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