Academic Calendar - 2024
Western University Academic Calendar. - 2024
Japanese
An intensive introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended for students with little or no previous knowledge of Japanese. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2260. Note that students who have successfully completed Grade 12 U Japanese or equivalent cannot take this course for credit.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
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An introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended for students with little or no previous knowledge of Japanese. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2250.
Extra Information: 4 hours. Those students with Grade 12U Japanese must consult the Department before registering for this course.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
An introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended for students with little or no previous knowledge of Japanese. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 1052A/B. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 1050. Requires permission of the program.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 1036, Japanese 1050.
Prerequisite(s): Permission of the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours. Those students with Grade 12U Japanese must consult the Department before registering for this course.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
An introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 1050. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2250. Requires permission of the program.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 1036, Japanese 1050.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1051A/B and permission of the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours. Those students with Grade 12U Japanese must consult the Department before registering for this course.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A multi-disciplinary overview of Japan. Contents include territory, people, language, religion, economy, popular culture, science and technology, among others. Students investigate - and formulate questions - on Japan and East Asia within today's globalized world, identify their own cultural bias toward less familiar subjects, and critically evaluate diverse perspectives. Taught in English.
Antirequisite(s): East Asia Studies 1670F/G.
Extra Information: 3 hours. Cross-listed with East Asia Studies 1670F/G.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Builds on skills in reading and speaking Japanese developed in earlier courses. This course bridges between the elementary and intermediate level. Students gain increased vocabulary and familiarity with more extensive grammatical structures and will be able to communicate in Japanese regarding non-specialized topics.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2260.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1050, Japanese 1036, or Japanese 1051A/B and Japanese 1052A/B or permission of the Department.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
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Builds on skills in reading and speaking Japanese developed in prior courses. This course bridges between the elementary and intermediate level. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 2250. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2252A/B.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2250, Japanese 2260.
Extra information: 4 hours.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1050, Japanese 1036, or Japanese 1051A/B and Japanese 1052A/B or permission of the Department.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Builds on skills in reading and speaking Japanese developed in prior courses. This course bridges between the elementary and intermediate level. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 2250. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 3350.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2250.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2251A/B or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
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This course is designed to build on all four language skills (reading, writing, listening, and speaking) in Japanese developed in earlier courses. Emphasis is on the expansion of Japanese vocabulary, grammatical structures and kanji along with the communicative skills. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 3350.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2250.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1036 or permission of the Department.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A survey of the artistic, philosophical, and religious factors that shape modern Japan. Taught in English.
Anti-requisite(s): East Asia Studies 2621A/B.
Extra Information: 3 hours. Cross-listed with East Asia Studies 2621A/B.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
An introduction to Japanese linguistics. Without presuming any prior knowledge of linguistics, the prominent characteristics of the Japanese language are analyzed through phonetics, phonology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and sociolinguistics.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1036 or Japanese 1050.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
More advanced conversation, written composition, listening skills, and translation techniques will be emphasized. Students will master all the core elements of Japanese grammar, a larger vocabulary and kanji, and intermediate-level communicative skills.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250, or Japanese 2260, or permission of the Department.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Students will master the core elements of Japanese grammar, build a larger vocabulary learn kanji, and work toward intermediate-level communicative skills. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 3350. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 3352A/B.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 3350.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or Japanese 2260 or Japanese 2251A/B and Japanese 2252A/B, or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Students will master the core elements of Japanese grammar, build a larger vocabulary learn kanji, and work toward intermediate-level communicative skills. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 3350. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 4450.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 3350.
Extra information: 4 hours.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3351A/B, or permission by the program.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Conversation-based, group-oriented experiential approach to Japanese. Conducting theme-based tasks in Japanese, students improve their conversational proficiency, as well as expanding practical vocabulary of Japanese. Taught in Japanese.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or Japanese 2260.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Conversation-based, group-oriented experiential approach to Japanese. Conducting theme-based tasks in Japanese, students improve their conversational proficiency, as well as expanding practical vocabulary of Japanese. Taught in Japanese.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or Japanese 2260.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350, or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350, or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Examination of various aspects of Japanese culture using Japanese cinema. The works by Kurosawa, and Itami, among others, will be used to prompt discussion of such topics as contemporary issues in Japanese society, aesthetics, and communication. Taught in English.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Examination of various aspects of Japanese culture depicted in mainstream Japanese anime films. Anime films are used to prompt discussion of such contemporary issues in Japanese society as individual, group and cultural identity, economy, environmental issues, and other challenges that Japanese are facing. Taught in English.
Extra information: 3 hour course.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B, or 1.0 Essay course(s) from Category A or B.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Seminar on various cultural aspects of Japanese cuisine. Like any culture, Japanese has a rich food-related tradition. Examined properly, it reveals complex interactions with many distinct cultures, and Japanese attitude toward cultural integration. Through Japanese food we also investigate the Japanese attitude toward arts, craftsmanship, popularization of culture, and domesticated foreign influences.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B, or 1.0 Essay course(s) from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Experiential approaches to foreign language pedagogy. Prominent theories of foreign language pedagogy are examined. The course examines the advantages and disadvantages of major theories in relation to the models of foreign language acquisition. The students apply the knowledge and skills developed in the course to actual teaching demonstration. Taught in English.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
An intermediate command (or higher) of a second language is strongly recommended.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A senior level seminar to pursue students’ own research interests in the topics involving Japanese culture, Japanese language, or foreign language pedagogy. Topics of comparative natures and an interdisciplinary approach are encouraged. Prior approval by the program required. Taught in English.
Extra information: 3 hour course.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A senior level seminar to pursue students’ own research interests in the topics involving Japanese culture, Japanese language, or foreign language pedagogy. Topics of comparative natures and an interdisciplinary approach are encouraged. Prior approval by the program required. Taught in English.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
This course builds on the skills developed in Japanese 3350. Students will read such primary materials as newspaper and journal articles, develop skills in conversation and discussion of topics related to the readings and develop practical writing skills.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350 or placement test.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Building on the skills developed in Japanese 3350, students will read advanced level reading materials, develop upper-intermediate level conversation and discussion skills, and intermediate writing abilities. Intended only for those students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 4450. Prepares for the progression of Japanese 4452A/B.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 4450.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350 or Japanese 3351A/B and Japanese 3352A/B, or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Building on the skills developed in Japanese 3350, students will read advanced level reading materials, develop upper-intermediate level conversation and discussion skills, and intermediate writing abilities. Intended only for those students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 4450.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 4450.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 4451A/B, or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Japanese
An intensive introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended for students with little or no previous knowledge of Japanese. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2260. Note that students who have successfully completed Grade 12 U Japanese or equivalent cannot take this course for credit.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
An introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended for students with little or no previous knowledge of Japanese. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2250.
Extra Information: 4 hours. Those students with Grade 12U Japanese must consult the Department before registering for this course.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
An introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended for students with little or no previous knowledge of Japanese. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 1052A/B. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 1050. Requires permission of the program.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 1036, Japanese 1050.
Prerequisite(s): Permission of the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours. Those students with Grade 12U Japanese must consult the Department before registering for this course.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
An introduction to spoken and written Japanese with emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 1050. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2250. Requires permission of the program.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 1036, Japanese 1050.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1051A/B and permission of the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours. Those students with Grade 12U Japanese must consult the Department before registering for this course.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A multi-disciplinary overview of Japan. Contents include territory, people, language, religion, economy, popular culture, science and technology, among others. Students investigate - and formulate questions - on Japan and East Asia within today's globalized world, identify their own cultural bias toward less familiar subjects, and critically evaluate diverse perspectives. Taught in English.
Antirequisite(s): East Asia Studies 1670F/G.
Extra Information: 3 hours. Cross-listed with East Asia Studies 1670F/G.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Builds on skills in reading and speaking Japanese developed in earlier courses. This course bridges between the elementary and intermediate level. Students gain increased vocabulary and familiarity with more extensive grammatical structures and will be able to communicate in Japanese regarding non-specialized topics.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2260.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1050, Japanese 1036, or Japanese 1051A/B and Japanese 1052A/B or permission of the Department.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Builds on skills in reading and speaking Japanese developed in prior courses. This course bridges between the elementary and intermediate level. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 2250. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 2252A/B.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2250, Japanese 2260.
Extra information: 4 hours.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1050, Japanese 1036, or Japanese 1051A/B and Japanese 1052A/B or permission of the Department.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Builds on skills in reading and speaking Japanese developed in prior courses. This course bridges between the elementary and intermediate level. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 2250. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 3350.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2250.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2251A/B or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
This course is designed to build on all four language skills (reading, writing, listening, and speaking) in Japanese developed in earlier courses. Emphasis is on the expansion of Japanese vocabulary, grammatical structures and kanji along with the communicative skills. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 3350.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 2250.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1036 or permission of the Department.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A survey of the artistic, philosophical, and religious factors that shape modern Japan. Taught in English.
Anti-requisite(s): East Asia Studies 2621A/B.
Extra Information: 3 hours. Cross-listed with East Asia Studies 2621A/B.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
An introduction to Japanese linguistics. Without presuming any prior knowledge of linguistics, the prominent characteristics of the Japanese language are analyzed through phonetics, phonology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and sociolinguistics.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 1036 or Japanese 1050.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
More advanced conversation, written composition, listening skills, and translation techniques will be emphasized. Students will master all the core elements of Japanese grammar, a larger vocabulary and kanji, and intermediate-level communicative skills.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250, or Japanese 2260, or permission of the Department.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Students will master the core elements of Japanese grammar, build a larger vocabulary learn kanji, and work toward intermediate-level communicative skills. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 3350. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 3352A/B.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 3350.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or Japanese 2260 or Japanese 2251A/B and Japanese 2252A/B, or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Students will master the core elements of Japanese grammar, build a larger vocabulary learn kanji, and work toward intermediate-level communicative skills. Intended only for students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 3350. Prepares students for progression to Japanese 4450.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 3350.
Extra information: 4 hours.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3351A/B, or permission by the program.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Conversation-based, group-oriented experiential approach to Japanese. Conducting theme-based tasks in Japanese, students improve their conversational proficiency, as well as expanding practical vocabulary of Japanese. Taught in Japanese.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or Japanese 2260.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Conversation-based, group-oriented experiential approach to Japanese. Conducting theme-based tasks in Japanese, students improve their conversational proficiency, as well as expanding practical vocabulary of Japanese. Taught in Japanese.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2250 or Japanese 2260.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350, or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Further study in Japanese language and culture.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350, or permission of the department.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Examination of various aspects of Japanese culture using Japanese cinema. The works by Kurosawa, and Itami, among others, will be used to prompt discussion of such topics as contemporary issues in Japanese society, aesthetics, and communication. Taught in English.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Examination of various aspects of Japanese culture depicted in mainstream Japanese anime films. Anime films are used to prompt discussion of such contemporary issues in Japanese society as individual, group and cultural identity, economy, environmental issues, and other challenges that Japanese are facing. Taught in English.
Extra information: 3 hour course.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B, or 1.0 Essay course(s) from Category A or B.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Seminar on various cultural aspects of Japanese cuisine. Like any culture, Japanese has a rich food-related tradition. Examined properly, it reveals complex interactions with many distinct cultures, and Japanese attitude toward cultural integration. Through Japanese food we also investigate the Japanese attitude toward arts, craftsmanship, popularization of culture, and domesticated foreign influences.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B, or 1.0 Essay course(s) from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Experiential approaches to foreign language pedagogy. Prominent theories of foreign language pedagogy are examined. The course examines the advantages and disadvantages of major theories in relation to the models of foreign language acquisition. The students apply the knowledge and skills developed in the course to actual teaching demonstration. Taught in English.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
An intermediate command (or higher) of a second language is strongly recommended.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A senior level seminar to pursue students’ own research interests in the topics involving Japanese culture, Japanese language, or foreign language pedagogy. Topics of comparative natures and an interdisciplinary approach are encouraged. Prior approval by the program required. Taught in English.
Extra information: 3 hour course.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
A senior level seminar to pursue students’ own research interests in the topics involving Japanese culture, Japanese language, or foreign language pedagogy. Topics of comparative natures and an interdisciplinary approach are encouraged. Prior approval by the program required. Taught in English.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 2601A/B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Topics selected by the instructor. Consult the Department of French and Asian Studies.
Prerequisite(s): 1.0 Essay course from Category A or B.
Extra Information: 3 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
This course builds on the skills developed in Japanese 3350. Students will read such primary materials as newspaper and journal articles, develop skills in conversation and discussion of topics related to the readings and develop practical writing skills.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350 or placement test.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 1.00
Return to top
Building on the skills developed in Japanese 3350, students will read advanced level reading materials, develop upper-intermediate level conversation and discussion skills, and intermediate writing abilities. Intended only for those students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 4450. Prepares for the progression of Japanese 4452A/B.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 4450.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 3350 or Japanese 3351A/B and Japanese 3352A/B, or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.
Course Weight: 0.50
Return to top
Building on the skills developed in Japanese 3350, students will read advanced level reading materials, develop upper-intermediate level conversation and discussion skills, and intermediate writing abilities. Intended only for those students who are unable to enrol in Japanese 4450.
Antirequisite(s): Japanese 4450.
Prerequisite(s): Japanese 4451A/B, or permission by the program.
Extra Information: 4 hours.